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Skilled workforce in ASEAN region: issues, challenges, and way forward

Southeast Asia is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing regions in the world. With a total of 646 million peo... Show more
Southeast Asia is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing regions in the world. With a total of 646 million people and a wealth of natural resources, the region has an expanding middle class as well as a young, dynamic and increasingly well-educated population. Nevertheless, within the region, many workers are still engaged in informal employment, frequently for long hours, without reliable income and social protection coverage. The region, especially the [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN-5 countries (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines), lacks industry-ready skilled workers, despite its vibrant demography. Brunei has difficulties in equipping its labour force with the necessary research and development skills, while CLMV (Cambodia, Lao, Myanmar and Vietnam) economies broadly lack coherent technical education, necessary for industrial development.
ASEAN's renewed commitment in enhancing the quality of its human resources, recently expressed in the ASEAN Declaration on Human Resources Development for The Changing World of Work, highlights the importance of skill development through various modes (formal, non-formal, and informal learning) as an integral part of lifelong learning. This paper provides background regarding the current state of the workforce in ASEAN, including issues and challenges as well as the regional and national initiatives implemented in response. The paper also offers recommendations, especially related to human resources development through [technical and vocational education and training] TVET, as means of addressing the existing employment issues.
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Authors: Paryono

Date: 2022

Geographic subjects: Asia; Brunei; Cambodia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Vocational education and training; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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An international study of career drivers of accounting students in Singapore, Australia and Hong Kong

This is a comparative study of the career drivers of accounting students in Singapore, Australia and the Hong Kong ... Show more
This is a comparative study of the career drivers of accounting students in Singapore, Australia and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). The study examines the motivational factors that steer accounting students into choosing accounting as a programme of study in their respective countries. Comparative analyses are performed to examine the importance of each career driver, taking into consideration gender and country/institutional variables. The results indicate significant differences between male and female students with respect to the importance of the following career drivers: search for meaning, security, material rewards and creativity. Significant differences are also found among countries/institutions and the importance of career drivers such as expertise, status, security, affiliation and creativity. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for both the profession and academic educators as well as suggestions for future research.
Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Chia, Yew Ming; Koh, Hian Chye; Pragasam, John

Date: 2008

Geographic subjects: Asia; Oceania; Singapore ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Journal of education and work

Subjects: Culture and society; Gender; Higher education ... [+] Show more
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Legislations on vocational training

This volume is a compilation of legislations provided by Asian and Pacific Skill Development Programme (APSDEP) mem... Show more
This volume is a compilation of legislations provided by Asian and Pacific Skill Development Programme (APSDEP) member countries. One of the recommendations in the 'Study of apprenticeship in Asia and the Pacific', published in 1981 [available in VOCEDplus at TD/IRD 88.115], was for APSDEP to issue and maintain an up-to-date legislative series on all laws and regulations pertinent to vocational training in the region. Show less

Corporate authors: Asian and Pacific Skill Development Programme (APSDEP)

Date: 1985

Geographic subjects: Asia; Oceania; Australia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Government information

Series name: Series

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Apprenticeship; Governance
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Compendium on current practices for skilled work visa programs in the APEC region

This compendium seeks to promote standards-sharing among APEC member economies by providing a point of reference fo... Show more
This compendium seeks to promote standards-sharing among APEC member economies by providing a point of reference for specialized visa programs in the region, while highlighting the need for more centralized information regarding these programs in APEC, as the Human Resources Development Working Group (HRDWG) and the Business Mobility Group (BMG) detected a need for more accessible information on skilled mobility visa programs. In a context of increasing flows of skilled people among member economies, it is necessary to provide all APEC economies an easy and centralized system to share information. The compendium identifies trends in the skilled work visa information provided by member economies and offers a set of recommendations to enhance regional cooperation and skilled labor mobility in the APEC region.
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Authors: Urdinez, Francisco; Urrutia, Beatriz Susana; Tellier, Swen

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Australia; Brunei; Canada ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Migration; Labour market; Policy ... [+] Show more
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Tripartite Sector Skills Bodies

Tripartite Sector Skills Bodies (SSBs) aim to increase and strengthen the involvement of industry, both employers a... Show more
Tripartite Sector Skills Bodies (SSBs) aim to increase and strengthen the involvement of industry, both employers and workers, in the way skill systems are governed and operate. SSBs have a long history in many countries and are now attracting renewed attention as more countries adopt a sectoral approach to skills development. Drawing on existing research on SSBs and ongoing ILO country level support to constituents as they establish or review sector skills bodies, this policy brief outlines some of the issues that need to be addressed when establishing and operating SSBs. The brief examines the different mandates and structures that have been adopted internationally and presents a number of key actions that will improve the likelihood of sustainable SSBs being established.
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Corporate authors: International Labour Organisation (ILO)

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Australia; Bangladesh; Barbados ... [+] Show more Britain; (South)">Korea (South); Africa; title="Search for Central America and the Caribbean">Central America and the Caribbean; America; America [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO brief

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Industry; Governance ... [+] Show more
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The economics of apprenticeship training: seven lessons learned from cost-benefit surveys and simulations

Many countries face shortages of skilled workers and high youth unemployment. In the process of reforming their voc... Show more
Many countries face shortages of skilled workers and high youth unemployment. In the process of reforming their vocational education systems, a significant number of these countries have turned their attention to the potential offered by dual apprenticeships. The basic principle behind this approach is that young people receive in-company training and a school-based education at the same time. Any reform to implement this type of apprenticeship depends heavily on the willingness of companies to provide training. But which conditions make it economically worthwhile for companies to engage in apprenticeship training? This report summarises the seven most important findings that have been gleaned using detailed cost-benefit surveys of apprenticeship training programmes in various countries and subsequent cost-benefit simulations for other countries over the last 20 years. The costs incurred by the firms providing training were measured, as were the benefits they can generate in the short term through the apprentices' work in the company and the medium-term benefits obtained because apprenticeship programs help companies avoid costly recruitment from the labour market.
Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Authors: Muehlemann, Samuel; Wolter, Stefan C.

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Austria; England; Germany ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: JPMorgan Chase new skills at work

Subjects: Apprenticeship; Economics; Finance ... [+] Show more
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Employer supported training 2002

This report reviews the provision of structured training by private sector organisations in Singapore, all of which... Show more
This report reviews the provision of structured training by private sector organisations in Singapore, all of which had at least 25 employees. The data for this report were taken from a biennial survey of employer supported training carried out between March and May 2003, using mail questionnaires and phone interviews. Key findings indicate that approximately half (52%) of the firms surveyed provided structured training for at least some of their employees in 2002 compared with 69% in 2000, a decrease possibly due to poor economic conditions. In addition, large firms were more inclined to train employees than small firms, and the highest percentage of training took place in the financial services sector. Show less

Corporate authors: Singapore. Ministry of Manpower. Manpower Research and Statistics Department (MRSD)

Date: 2003

Geographic subjects: Asia; Singapore

Resource type: Government report or paper

Subjects: Industry; Research; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Vocational education and training for a global economy: lessons from four countries

The contributions within this book investigate the greatly varying ways in which four countries (Singapore, Switzer... Show more
The contributions within this book investigate the greatly varying ways in which four countries (Singapore, Switzerland, China, and the United States) prepare young people for the 21st-century workplace. The book looks first at the highly successful vocational education and training (VET) systems in Singapore and Switzerland, describing them in revealing detail and accounting for the assumptions and social arrangements that account for their unique features. It then turns to China and the United States, examining the differing conditions, goals and arrangements that have affected their respective programs for preparing their citizens for present and future work. At a time when a highly competitive global economy is prompting profound changes in the workplace and in the skills required for professional success, all countries feel a heightened sense of urgency in finding ways to guide and prepare young people for work. As this book makes clear, however, the resulting preparatory systems within these four countries differ dramatically - and for a wide range of economic, cultural, and political reasons.
Edited excerpt from publisher's website.
The contents are as follows: Series foreword / Robert B. Schwartz and Nancy Hoffmann (pages vii-viii); Introduction: the vocational education and training system you need depends on the kind of economy you want / Marc S. Tucker (pages 1-7); The phoenix: vocational education and training in Singapore / Marc S. Tucker [an earlier version was published in 2012 and is available in VOCEDplus at TD/TNC 118.74] (pages 9-66); Gold standard: the Swiss vocational education and training system / Nancy Hoffman and Robert B. Schwartz (pages 67-88); Made in China: challenge and innovation in China's vocational education and training system / Vivien Stewart (pages 89-130); The evolution of career and technical education in the United States / Robert B. Schwartz and Nancy Hoffman (pages 131-175); The future of VET in a global, AI-powered economy / Marc S. Tucker (pages 177-202). Show less

Authors: Tucker, Marc

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: United States; North America; Switzerland ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Edited book

Series name: Work and learning series

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Governance; Policy ... [+] Show more
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The transition from graduation to work: challenges and strategies in the twenty-first century Asia Pacific and beyond

This book reports on the findings from a research study of vocational and higher education graduates' employability... Show more
This book reports on the findings from a research study of vocational and higher education graduates' employability challenges. The nature and extent of these challenges, their underlying causes, and effective strategies to address the problems in this area are all analysed from a multiple-stakeholder paradigm. The primary focus of the book is on governments; secondary, vocational, and higher education systems; and industry employers - rather than graduates themselves - in order to highlight the policy and strategy implications for governments, industry and educational systems. Readers will acquire comprehensive information on the nature and extent of graduate employability in terms of country-specific challenges, together with a deeper understanding of their complex causes, and the inter-relatedness between governments, educational systems, industry sectors, and potential employers. They will also be provided with a broad range of stakeholder strategies designed to effectively address these challenges within integrated national and regional approaches.
Abstract from publisher's website.
The contents are as follows: An introduction to the transition from graduation to work: challenges and strategies in the Asia Pacific and beyond / Subas Dhakal, Verma Prikshat, Alan Nankervis and John Burgess (pages 3-13); Conceptualising graduate work-readiness: theories, concepts and implications for practice and research / Verma Prikshat, Alan Nankervis, John Burgess and Subas Shakal (pages 15-29); Mapping stakeholders of graduate work-readiness (GWR) / Alan Nankervis, Verma Prikshat and Subas Dhakal (pages 31-42); European, American and Japanese perspectives on work-readiness: implications for the Asia-Pacific region / Jonathan Winterton (pages 43-62); The future of work in Australia: preparing graduates for changing work patterns that require new skill sets / Barbara Mumme and Roslyn Cameron (pages 65-84); Work-readiness of Indian graduates: a multi-stakeholder approach to assess competence deficits and causes, and possible solutions / Sanjeev Kumar, Parth Patel and Verma Prikshat (pages 85-105); Graduate work-readiness challenges in Indonesia: findings from a multiple stakeholder study / Soegeng Priyono and Alan Nankervis (pages 107-123); Graduate work-readiness in Malaysia: challenges, skills and opportunities / Noorziah Mohd Salleh, Jabil Mapjabil and Rafeah Legino (pages 125-142); Graduate work-readiness challenges in Mauritius / (pages 143-160); The transition from graduation to work: challenges and strategies in Singapore / Peter Waring, Christopher Vas and Azad Singh Bali (pages 161-178); Graduate work-readiness in Taiwan: stakeholder perspectives and best practices / Min-Wen Sophie Chang and Julia Connell (pages 179-202); Graduate work-readiness in Thailand / Surapit Promsit (pages 203-220); Enhancing graduate work-readiness in Vietnam / Nguyen Danh Nguyen, Nguyen Ba Ngoc and Alan Montague (pages 221-237); Challenges and strategies of transition from graduation to work in the post-2020 Asia Pacific and beyond: a comparative analysis of nine countries / Subas Dhakal, Alan Nankervis, John Burgess and Verma Prikshat (pages 241-253); Conclusion: the future of transition from graduation to work in the Asia Pacific and beyond / Subas Dhakal, Verma Prikshat, John Burgess and Alan Nankervis (pages 255-263). Show less

Authors: Dhakal, Subas; Prikshat, Verma; Nankervis, Alan; Burgess, John

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Asia; Japan; India ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Edited book

Series name: Work, organization, and employment series

Subjects: Higher education; Vocational education and training; Outcomes ... [+] Show more
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Understanding the influence of learning on occupational mobility

This paper provides an understanding of the learning that supports individuals in successfully moving from one sect... Show more
This paper provides an understanding of the learning that supports individuals in successfully moving from one sector to another during an individual's life-course. The approach adopted acknowledges the observation by Edwards (1997) that the language of change has become a pervasive theme of our times. As a result of globalisation, new technologies, organisational restructuring and the search for competitive advantage, the discourses of professional learning reinforce that a job is not for life, and that the ability to adapt to occupational movement is now part of active citizenry. Consequently, government interventions to facilitate such transitions have become increasingly common, with the authorities seeking to introduce schemes and initiatives that manoeuvre the workforce in ways that result, inherently, in larger-scale national benefits. This paper focuses on the factors that enable the movement of professional individuals from one sector to the next. The paper will begin with a brief outline of the political rhetoric that underpins the Singapore context for which this study is located. It then provides an outline of the research approach taken and highlights the key features of the interview method designed to learn about personal life experiences and key events related to career change of participants. It reports on the initial findings from a preliminary study of ex-teachers and ex-engineers who have successfully moved into different sectors. These initial findings provide insights on the perceptions of professional and on-the-job (OJT) learning in enabling occupational movement to inform the context and basis for future policy decisions and government interventions.
Published abstract. Show less

Authors: Tan, Joyce

Conference name: International Conference on Researching Work and Learning

Date: 2011

Geographic subjects: Singapore; Asia

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Career development; Research; Labour market ... [+] Show more

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